Abstract:

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of palliative endovascular interventions in patients with CTO anatomy infavorable for recanalisation.

Material and methods. The authors analyzed the results of interventions in 60 patients (50 male (83,3%), 10 female (16,7%)) aged 38 – 75 years (mean age 53,9±3,2), with occlusive coronary disease. Palliative revascularizations were performed in 30 patients, and CTO recanalization was done in 30 cases. The LV function was assessed echocardiographically in both groups before and after the intervention.

Results. 12 month follow-up showed significant improvement or normalization of LV function in both groups. Results of palliative interventions were shown to be as effective as recanalization of CTO.

Conclusions. Endovascular palliation is effective in treatment of patients with coronary CTO. It results in myocardial function improvement comparable to that in patients with complete coronary revascularization.   

References

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6.        Иоселиани Д.Г., Громов Д.Г., Сухоруков О.Е., Хоткевич Е.Ю., Семитко С.П., Исаева И.В., Верне Ж.-Ш., Арабаджян И.С., Овесян З.Р., Алигишева З.А. Хирургическая и эндоваскулярная реваскуляризация миокарда у больных с многососудистым поражением венечного русла: сравнительный анализ ближайших и среднеотдаленных результатов. Международный журнал интервенционной кардиоангиологии. 2008; 15: 22–31.

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Abstract:

According to newest clinical studies, 20%-30% of acute coronary syndrome patients without БТ elevation have nonsignificant coronary artery stenosis

Aim: was to estimate the effectiveness of percutaneous intermittent coronary sinus occlusior (ICSO) in acute coronary syndrome patients without БТ elevation and nonsignificant coronary arteries stenosis.

Materials and methods: results of endovascular treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome patients without БТ elevation, for the period 09.10.2014-02.02.2015 were analyzed. All patients underwent ICSO for 10-13 minutes until intravenous wedge pressure plateau was achieved.

Results: in the beginning of the intervention all patients had nonsignificant coronary arteries stenosis, peripheral coronary angiospasm and slow flow in left anterior descending arteries (LAD): Т1М1 frame count in LAD (TFCLAD) was 85,9±17,6 frm; distal diameter of LAD (DLAD) was 2,1±0,5 mm; quantitative blush evaluation score in LAD (QuBELAD) was 11,8±1,4. After the ICSO procedure coronary hemodynamic was improved: TFCLAD=59,5±9,8 frm; DLAD=2,5±0,4 mm; QuBELAD= 27,4±2,2; p=0,01).

Conclusion: ICSO procedure led to the both improvement of the antegrade blood flow in LAD anc myocardial blush flow and reduction of the peripheral coronary angiospasm. ICSO procedure significantly improved the electrocardiography and clinical conditions. 

References 

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2.    Moiseenkov G.V., Gajfulin R.A., Barbarash O.L., Berns S.A., Barbarash L.S. «Chistye» koronarnye arterii u bol'nyh ostrym koronarnym sindromom: [«Clean» coronary arteries in patients with acute coronary syndrome]. Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnalintervencionnoj kardioangiologii. 2008;14: 17 [In Russ].

3.    Ong P., Athanasiadis A., Hill S. Vogelsberg H. et al. Coronary Artery Spasm as a Frequent Cause of Acute Coronary Syndrome: The CASPAR (Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome) Study. JACC. 2008; 52 (7): 528-530.

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7.    Porto I., Hamilton-Craig C., Brancati M., Burzotta F., et al. Angiographic assessment of microvascular perfusion-myocardial blush in clinical practice. Am. Heart J. 2010; 160(6):1015-22.

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9.    Van de Hoef T.P, Nolte F., Delewi R. et al. Intracoronary Hemodynamic Effects of Pressure-Controlled Intermittent Coronary Sinus Occlusion (PICSO): Results from the First-In-Man Prepare PICSO Study. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. 2012; 25 (6): 549-556.

10.  Incorvati R.L., Tauberg S.G., Pecora M.G., et all. Clinical applications of coronary sinus retroperfusion during high risk percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. JACC 1993; 22(1):127-34.

11.  Petrov V.I., Nedogoda S.V. «Medicina, osnovannaja na dokazatel'stvah»: Uchebnoe posobie: [Medicine, based on evidence]. Moskva: Gjeotar-Media, 2009; 144 s [In Russ].

12.  Meerbaum S., Lang T.W., Osher J.V., et al. Diastolic retroperfusion of acutely ischemic myocardium. Am. J. Cadiol. 1978; 41:1191-201.

13.  Mohl W., Gangl C., Jusi A., et al. PICSO: from myocardial salvage to tissue regeneration. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 2015; 16: 36-46.

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Abstract:

Coronary flow limitation during high risk angioplasty in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients is an important problem, connecting with inadequate myocardial protection during the coronary intervention.

Aim: was to compare intraoperative cardiohemodynamic in ACS patients during the high risk angioplasty of difficult stenoses in anterior heart arteries with- or without a coronary venous retroperfusion support.

Methods: intervention results of 14 ACS patients were analyzed. In 1st group there were 6 patients (42,9%) with intraoperative myocardial retroperfusion support. In 2nd group - 8 patients (57,1%) without any intraoperative myocardial perfusion support.

Results: during the retroperfusion support in the 1st group , «ST»-segment elevation at 60 sec left main (LM) or left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion was significantly lower (ST in V4-V6 - 1,9±1,7 mm) than in patients without retroperfusion (ST in V4-V6 - 3,1±1,7; p = 0,043). In the 2nd group, patients without coronary flow support the «ST»-segment elevation at 60 sec LM or LAD occlusion was significantly higher (ST в V4-V6 - 2,5±0,5; p = 0,043) than at 5 sec LM or LAD occlusion. No significant differences between «ST»-segment and «T»-wave deviation in the beginning and in the end of intervention were in both groups. The same dynamics was demonstrated at the time of blood pressure indexes measurement.

Conclusion: coronary venous retroperfusion is an effective method of coronary flow support during the high risk angioplasty in ACS patients. Retroperfusion technology had no influence on cardiohemodynamic, but reduced the risk of intraoperative adverse cardiac events. 

References

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2.     Trusov V.V., Kazakova I.A., Kuznecov D.N. Analiz raboty pervichnogo sosudistogo centra na baze MUZ MSCh «ZhMASh» [Analysis of functioning of primary angiologic center on the base of medical-sanitary unit of «IZhMASh»]. PJeM . 2011; 43-44(3-4):20-22 [In Russ].

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6.     ESC/EACTS Guidelines. Guidelines on myocardial revascularization/The Task Force on Myocardial Revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAP- CI). European Heart Journal.2010; 31: 2501-2555.

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13.   Incorvati R.L., Tauberg S.G., Pecora M.G., et all. Clinical applications of coronary sinus retroperfusion during high risk percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. JACC. 1993; 22(1): 127-34.

14.   Petrov V.I., Nedogoda S.V. «Medicina, osnovannaja na dokazatel'stvah»: Uchebnoe posobie [Medicine, based on evidence]. Moskva: Gjeotar-Media, 2009; 144 s [In Russ].

15.   Javelov I.S. Vybor antikoaguljanta dlja rannego lechenija ostrogo koronarnogo sindroma [Choise of anticoagulants for early treatment of acute coronary syndrome]. Trudnyj pacient (Moskva). 2013;11(10): 12-24 [In Russ].

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Abstract:

Revascularization strategy definition in acute coronary syndrome in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease is a significant problem of modern intervention cardiology Aim: was to evaluate effectiveness of special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance» designed to the revascularization strategy definition ir acute coronary syndrome patients.

Materials and methods: revascularization strategy of 50 acute coronary syndrome patients was analyzed. In all cases the revascularization strategy was defined by the group of intervention cardiologists with the help of independent experts and special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance». Experts-, physicians-, and soft- based revascularization strategies were compared among themselves.

Results: complete coincidence between expert-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 66% patients and the incomplete coincidence - in 32% patients. Complete mismatch between expert-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 2% patients. The complete coincidence between physicians-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 42% patients and the incomplete coincidence - ir 52% patients. Complete mismatch between physicians-based and soft-based revascularization strategies was registered in 6% patients

Conclusion: as well as experts, special PC programs «Sapphire 2015 - Right dominance» and «Sapphire 2015 - Left dominance» provide success in the revascularization strategy definition 1г acute coronary syndrome patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.

References

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2.     Sardella G., Lucisano L., Garbo R. et al. Singlestaged compared with multi-staged PCI in multivessel NSTEMI patients: The SMILE Trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2016; 67(3): 264-272.

3.     Ayalon N., Jacobs A.K. Incomplete revascularization in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. When enough is enough. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Intv. 2016; 9(3): 216-218.

4.     Iqbal M.B., Ilsley C., Kabir T. et al. Culprit vessel versus multivessel intervention at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease: real-world analysis of 3984 patients in London. Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes. 2014; 7: 936-943.

5.     Kornowski R., Mehran R., Dangas G. et al. Prognostic impact of staged versus «one-time» multivessel percutaneous intervention in acute myocardial infarction: analysis from the HORIZONS-AMI (harmonizing outcomes with revascularization and stents in acute myocardial infarction) trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011; 58: 704-711.

6.     Tarasov R.S., Ganyukov V.I., Shilov A.A. i dr. Prognosticheskaya znachimost shkaly SYNTAX v ocenke iskhodov i vybora taktiki revaskulyarizacii u pacientov s infarktom miokarda i podemom segmenta ST pri mnogososudistom porazhenii koronarnogo rusla. [Prognostic impact of the SYNTAX scale in the evaluation of outcomes and choice of revascularization tactic in patients with myocardial infarction and ST-segment elevation with multi-vessel coronary artery disease]. Terapevtichesky arhiv. 2012; 84 (9): 17-21 [In Russ].

7.     Petrosyan Yu.S., Ioseliani D.G. O summarnoy ocenke sostoyaniya koronarnogo rusla u bolnyh ishemicheskoy boleznyu serdca. [About cumulative assessment of coronary arteries disease in patients with myocardial ischemia]. Mezhdunarodny zhurnal intervencionnoy kardioangiologii. 2013; 37: 49-55 [In Russ].

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10.   El-Hayek G.E., Gershlick A.H., Hong M.K. et al. Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials comparing multivessel versus culprit-only revascularization for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Am. J. Cardiol. 2015; 115(11): 1481-1486.

11.   Antman E.M., Anbe D.T., Armstrong P.W. et al. ACC/AHA Guidelines for the management of patients with ST-Elevation myocardial infarction-executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 1999 Guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction). Circ. 2004; 110: 588-636.

12.   Windecker S., Kolh P., Alfonso F. et al. 2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. The task force on myocardial revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur. Heart J. 2014; 35: 2541-2619.

13.   Bainey K.R., Mehta S.R., Lai T. et al. Complete versus culprit only revascularization for patients with multivessel disease undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. Heart J. 2014; 167: 1-14.